中医声诊客观化研究概况

中医声诊是传统中医诊疗方法的特色之一,有着丰富的传统医学理论基础,是历代中医医家临床经验的传承。随着现代医学和科技的迅速发展,中医声诊有客观化的需要,借助多学科、多种技术方法有利于发展声诊的现代化研究。就近年来中医声诊客观化研究的方法和成果进行简单的分析和概括。     

医学生临床实习中加强法制观念与实践能力的探讨

医学生临床实习是医学教育过程中的重要组成部分?文章结合临床实际,指出了加强医学生法制观念与实践能力的必要性和重要性,分析了加强其法制观念与实践能力的方法和途径,并提出了合理建议,这对培养高素质医学人才?构建和谐医患关系具有重要意义?     

Extraneous factors in judicial decisions

Are judicial rulings based solely on laws and facts? Legal formalism holds that judges apply legal reasons to the facts of a case in a rational, mechanical, and deliberative manner. In contrast, legal realists argue that the rational application of legal reasons does not sufficiently explain the decisions of judges and that psychological, political, and social factors influence judicial rulings. We test the common caricature of realism that justice is “what the judge ate for breakfast” in sequential parole decisions made by experienced judges. We record the judges’ two daily food breaks, which result in segmenting the deliberations of the day into three distinct “decision sessions.” We find that the percentage of favorable rulings drops gradually from ≈65% to nearly zero within each decision session and returns abruptly to ≈65% after a break. Our findings suggest that judicial rulings can be swayed by extraneous variables that should have no bearing on legal decisions.     

Mephedrone: use, subjective effects and health risks

Aims To assess the patterns of use, subjective effect profile and dependence liability of mephedrone, supported by corroborative urine toxicology. Design Cross‐sectional structured telephone interview. Setting UK‐based drug users associated with the dance music scene. Participants A total of 100 mephedrone users, recruited through their involvement with the dance music scene. Measurements Assessment of pattern of use, acute and after effects, DSM dependence criteria and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry urinalysis. Findings Mephedrone consumption results in typical stimulant‐related subjective effects: euphoria, increased concentration, talkativeness, urge to move, empathy, jaw clenching, reduced appetite and insomnia. Thirty per cent of the sample potentially met criteria for DSM‐IV dependence and there was evidence of a strong compulsion to use the drug (47% had used the drug for 2 or more consecutive days). Self‐reported recent consumption of mephedrone was confirmed by toxicological analysis in all of the 14 participants who submitted a urine sample. Conclusion Mephedrone has a high abuse and health risk liability, with increased tolerance, impaired control and a compulsion to use, the predominant reported dependence symptoms.     

高校学生突发性事件法制化管理初探

高校突发事件的数量持续上升,引起了政府和社会的普遍重视,需要构建高校突发事件的法制化管理机制予以解决。文章从高校突发事件的概念及类型入手,分析了传统高枝突发事件管理存在的问题以及我国现行法律对高校突发事件规定的不足,表明了加强高校突发事件法制化管理的必要性与紧迫性,由此提出加强高校突发事件法制化管理的对策。     

新型农村合作医疗法律责任研究

新型农村合作医疗法律制度的运行中,管理机构、定点医疗机构、参合农民都可能出现不同形态的违法行为,对此分别应该追究其行政责任、民事责任或刑事责任。     

国(境)外医疗纠纷处理相关法律制度比较研究

近年来,国家为缓解医疗纠纷数量持续增多、医患关系紧张的现状,不断完善相关法律法规,虽然在一定程度上起到了积极的作用,但是仍存在法律适用二元化等问题,需要借鉴和吸收国外先进的立法经验。文章通过比较美国、德国、法国、日本、荷兰、俄罗斯和我国台湾地区与医疗纠纷处理相关的法律法规,并结合我国实际情况在概念界定、归责原则、举证责任、事故鉴定、赔偿范围等方面进行比较分析,提出相关建议和意见。     

中医药传统知识的法律保护模式及其完善

现代知识产权制度并不能为中医药传统知识提供全面的保护,是对现行知识产权法进行调试和修改使之符合中医药传统知识保护需要,还是创设一种新的专门保护制度?文章认为中医药传统知识的保护应考虑知识产权制度和专门保护制度的有机结合,在完善现有知识产权法律制度的同时,制定中医药传统知识的专门保护法.